Informace o publikaci
The Carpathian Mountains: a biodiversity hotspot for freshwater Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
| Autoři | |
|---|---|
| Rok publikování | 2014 |
| Druh | Konferenční abstrakty |
| Fakulta / Pracoviště MU | |
| Citace | |
| Popis | The Holarctic genus Gammarus comprises approximately 200 freshwater species exhibiting patchy distributions,weak vagility and ubiquity.Moreover,some of the apparently widespread species are actually diverse species complexes.The aim of this study was to assess the lineage diversity and estimate divergence times of two widespread species complexes in the Carpathians,G.balcanicus and G.fossarum.We sequenced the COI marker from 49 localities for G.balcanicus(118 individuals)and 46 localities for G.fossarum(94 individuals).Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed using maximum-likelihood and two different approaches were followed for quantifying lineage diversity.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both taxa comprise highly diverse lineages that are distinct from those of the type localities of nominal taxa.Depending on criteria used(general mixed Yule coalescent and a 16%patristic distance threshold),estimations of lineage diversity indicated at least 8(up to 45)entities within G.balcanicus and no less than 16(up to 27)within G.fossarum.Sequencing of additional genes confirmed that these lineages are distinct also at nuclear level(and remain so even when coexisting in syntopy).Overall Kimura 2-parameter distances averaged 18.3%within G.balcanicus and 21.3%within G.fossarum.The timing of divergence(estimated within a Bayesian framework)between the two complexes is ca.38 MA,while within-complex divergences span the length of the Miocene(ca.6 to 21 MA).The G.balcanicus complex contains three widespread lineages while the others seem to have more restricted distributions.In contrast,fossarum encompasses micro-endemic lineages that follow a mosaic-like distribution pattern.Given the old divergence times,we presume that the complex geomorphological past of the region might have been responsible for the observed patterns of diversity.Thus,we conclude that the Carpathian Mountains represent an ancient diversification centre and a biodiversity hotspot for Gammarus species. |