The variability of occurrence of early and late frosts and their impacts is analyzed on the basis of instrumental measurements and written sources. The starting point is an analysis of sensitivity of different crops to frost and variability of early and late frosts and their impacts in the period 1961-2000. For selected extremes synoptic-climatological causes of their occurrence are assessed. Early and late frosts are analyzed from written sources for period of pre-instrumental measurement. The relation between intensity of early and late frosts, variability of climate and global warming are studied. The chronology of early and late frosts and their impacts is compiled in the Czech lands since the 16th century.

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