Publication details
Hyperkinetická porucha (ADHD)
| Title in English | Hyperkinetic Disorder (ADHD) |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2013 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Psychiatrie |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Field | Neurology, neurosurgery, neurosciences |
| Keywords | hyperkinetic disorder; ADHD; neurobiology of ADHD; neuropsychological theories of ADHD; treatment of ADHD |
| Attached files | |
| Description | This article describes hyperkinetic disorder and ADHD, a slightly different concepts of ICD 10 and DSM-IV. Due to different definitions the prevalence is 7 % in ADHD and about 3 % in hyperkinetic disorder. The genetic factors play a key role in its etiology while some environmental factors also contribute. The catecholamine hypothesis states that there is a dysbalance in brain dopamine and norepinephrine in ADHD, mainly in prefrontal cortex and striatum. Brain imaging suggests decreased brain development and morphological and functional changes compared to controls. Neuropsychological theories suggest executive functions impairment dueto changes in inhibitory or motivational systems. ADHD show different clinical picture in different ages, the core symptoms – inatten- tion, hyperactivity and impulsivity – remain however the same. The therapy is either psychosocial or pharmacological. The available drugs balance the neurotransmitter levels and are highly effective. In the Czech Republic methylphenidate and atomoxetine are officially approved for the treatment of ADHD. |