Serum chemistry profiling and prognostication in systemic mastocytosis: a registry-based study of the ECNM and GREM

• Authors: LUEBKE Johannes; SCHMID Alicia; CHRISTEN Deborah; ELBERINK Hanneke N G Oude; SPAN Lambert F R; NIEDOSZYTKO Marek; GORSKA Aleksandra; LANGE Magdalena; GLEIXNER Karoline V; HADZIJUSUFOVIC Emir; STEFAN Alex; ANGELOVA-FISCHER Irena; ZANOTTI Roberta; BONIFACIO Massimiliano; BONADONNA Patrizia; SHOUMARIYEH Khalid; NIKOLAS von Bubnoff; MUELLER Sabine; PERKINS Cecelia; ELENA Chiara; MALCOVATI Luca; HAGGLUND Hans; MATTSSON Mattias; PARENTE Roberta; VARKONYI Judit; FORTINA Anna Belloni; CAROPPO Francesca; BROCKOW Knut; ZINK Alexander; BREYNAERT Christine; LEVEN Toon; YAVUZ Akif Selim; DOUBEK Michael; SABATO Vito; SCHUG Tanja; HARTMANN Karin; TRIGGIANI Massimo; GOTLIB Jason; HERMINE Olivier; AROCK Michel; KLUIN-NELEMANS Hanneke C; PANSE Jens; SPERR Wolfgang R; VALENT Peter; REITER Andreas; SCHWAAB Juliana
• Year of publication: 2024
• Type: Article in Periodical
• Magazine / Source: Blood advances
• MU Faculty or unit: Faculty of Medicine
• Web: https://ashpublications.org/bloodadvances/article/8/11/2890/515667/Serum-chemistry-profiling-and-prognostication-in
• Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012756
• Keywords: systemic mastocytosis; serum chemistry profiling
• Description: Certain laboratory abnormalities correlate with subvariants of systemic mastocytosis (SM) and are often prognostically relevant. To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of individual serum chemistry parameters in SM, 2607 patients enrolled within the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis and 575 patients enrolled within the German Registry on Eosinophils and Mast Cells were analyzed. For screening and diagnosis of SM, tryptase was identified as the most speci fic serum parameter. For differentiation between indolent and advanced SM (AdvSM), the following serum parameters were most relevant: tryptase, alkaline phosphatase, beta 2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin, vitamin B12, and C-reactive protein (P < .001). With regard to subvariants of AdvSM, an elevated LDH of >= 260 U/L was associated with multilineage expansion (leukocytosis, r = 0.37, P < .001; monocytosis, r = 0.26, P < .001) and the presence of an associated myeloid neoplasm (P < .001), whereas tryptase levels were highest in mast cell leukemia (MCL) vs non-MCL (308 mu g/L vs 146 mu g/L, P = .003). Based on multivariable analysis, the hazard-risk weighted assignment of 1 point to LDH (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-4.0; P = .018) and 1.5 points each to beta 2-microglobulin (HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4-5.4; P = .004) and albumin (HR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.7-6.5; P = .001) delineated a highly predictive 3-tier risk classification system (0 points, 8.1 years vs 1 point, 2.5 years; >= 1.5 points, 1.7 years; P < .001). Moreover, serum chemistry parameters enabled further stratification of patients classified as having an International Prognostic Scoring System for Mastocytosis-AdvSM1/2 risk score (P = .027). In conclusion, serum chemistry pro filing is a crucial tool in the clinical practice supporting diagnosis and prognostication of SM and its subvariants.