Project Title: Assessing innovation development in selected developed European metropolitan areas
The project as part of the main research dissertation, will focus on innovation development in metropolitan regions in developed EU countries such as Germany, Austria, Finland, Norway, and Netherlands. The aim the project will focus on analysis of literature works through Scientific Literature Review or meta-analysis methods on innovation development in metropolitan regions, to determine the gaps existing in the current work on the innovation development systems in metropolitan regions. Additionally, measures of assessing innovations development in these selected metropolitan regions using rankings, indexes, and indicators with emphasis on the success factors (merits and demerits) of the selected evaluation methods for innovations development will be addressed in the project with the purpose of transferring experiences and best practices from the selected metropolitan regions. Various approached to measuring innovation development are available in literature, and whiles ranking, and index methods are criticised for their limited forecast on future possibilities, hybrid methods that make use of a set of parameters chosen to allow for a more accurate representation of previous and current trends whiles accounting for prospects are emerging (Borzaga & Bodini, 2014; Gashenko et al., 2016; Ivanova & Kordos, 2017a). To achieve these aims, it is necessary to search for convergence and interaction among many different actors with different interests, power positions, and capabilities. A framework for analysing these types of questions stresses the importance of close interaction with the people who stand to benefit from the outcomes. In this context, a main challenge will be the availability of data and the credibility of the sources of data to provide an accurate or as close as possible representation of reality (Barton et al., 2022; McCann & Ortega-Argilés, 2013a; Vorley & Nelles, 2010).

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