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Colon Cancer and Perturbations of the Sphingolipid Metabolism

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MACHALA Miroslav PROCHAZKOVA Jirina HOFMANOVA Jirina KRALIKOVA Lucie SLAVIK Josef TYLICHOVA Zuzana OVESNÁ Petra KOZUBIK Alois VONDRACEK Jan

Rok publikování 2019
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Lékařská fakulta

Citace
www http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236051
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236051
Klíčová slova colorectal cancer; colon cancer cells; sphingolipid; glycosphingolipid; colon cancer (CRC) sphingolipidomics; sphingosine-1-phosphate; lactosylceramide
Popis The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), a major cause of cancer-related death in the western world, is accompanied with alterations of sphingolipid (SL) composition in colon tumors. A number of enzymes involved in the SL metabolism have been found to be deregulated in human colon tumors, in experimental rodent studies, and in human colon cancer cells in vitro. Therefore, the enzymatic pathways that modulate SL levels have received a significant attention, due to their possible contribution to CRC development, or as potential therapeutic targets. Many of these enzymes are associated with an increased sphingosine-1-phosphate/ceramide ratio, which is in turn linked with increased colon cancer cell survival, proliferation and cancer progression. Nevertheless, more attention should also be paid to the more complex SLs, including specific glycosphingolipids, such as lactosylceramides, which can be also deregulated during CRC development. In this review, we focus on the potential roles of individual SLs/SL metabolism enzymes in colon cancer, as well as on the pros and cons of employing the current in vitro models of colon cancer cells for lipidomic studies investigating the SL metabolism in CRC.

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