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How Does the "Us" versus "Them" Polarization Work? Capturing Political Antagonism with the Political Antagonism Scale

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HRBKOVÁ Lenka MACEK Jakub MACKOVÁ Alena

Rok publikování 2024
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Fakulta sociálních studií

Citace
www https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/08883254231215513
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08883254231215513
Klíčová slova polarization; antagonism; political conflict; survey measurement; Czech Republic
Popis This article introduces and validates a Political Antagonism Scale (PAS) aimed at capturing politically motivated antagonism among people in survey research. Recent trends indicate a rise in politically motivated polarization across various countries. This polarization often transcends mere ideological distance, fostering an identity-based "Us" versus "Them" political perspective. Consequently, this transforms the traditional agonistic political competition into a deeply adversarial antagonistic relationship, wherein political counterparts are viewed as enemies. Such conflict dynamics may have serious consequences for democratic politics and should be examined by scholars of political polarization across different political contexts and at different time points. However, a comprehensive survey tool addressing this form of polarization has been lacking. The PAS is designed to capture the complex nature of political antagonism and target individual antagonization towards their political outgroups on the level of social groups, political elites, the media, and everyday life. In addition, we present a regression model identifying potential sources of political antagonism. Our findings highlight the significant association between political antagonization and a prevailing sense of ontological insecurity.
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