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Endosome rupture enables enteroviruses from the family <i>Picornaviridae</i> to infect cells

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ISHEMGULOVA Aygul MUKHAMEDOVA Liya TREBICHALSKÁ Zuzana ŠEMBEROVÁ RÁJECKÁ Veronika PAYNE Pavel ŠMERDOVÁ Lenka MORAVCOVÁ Jana HREBÍK Dominik BUCHTA David ŠKUBNÍK Karel FÜZIK Tibor VAŇÁČOVÁ Štěpánka NOVÁČEK Jiří PLEVKA Pavel

Rok publikování 2024
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj Communications Biology
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Středoevropský technologický institut

Citace
www https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-024-07147-9
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-07147-9
Klíčová slova HUMAN RHINOVIRUS SEROTYPE-2; CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; INDUCED CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGE; COMMON COLD VIRUS; N-WASP; ENTRY-INTERMEDIATE; POLIOVIRUS TYPE-2; ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; ARP2/3 COMPLEX; RECEPTOR
Přiložené soubory
Popis Membrane penetration by non-enveloped viruses is diverse and generally not well understood. Enteroviruses, one of the largest groups of non-enveloped viruses, cause diseases ranging from the common cold to life-threatening encephalitis. Enteroviruses enter cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, how enterovirus particles or RNA genomes cross the endosome membrane into the cytoplasm remains unknown. Here we used cryo-electron tomography of infected cells to show that endosomes containing enteroviruses deform, rupture, and release the virus particles into the cytoplasm. Blocking endosome acidification with bafilomycin A1 reduced the number of particles that released their genomes, but did not prevent them from reaching the cytoplasm. Inhibiting post-endocytic membrane remodeling with wiskostatin promoted abortive enterovirus genome release in endosomes. The rupture of endosomes also occurs in control cells and after the endocytosis of very low-density lipoprotein. In summary, our results show that cellular membrane remodeling disrupts enterovirus-containing endosomes and thus releases the virus particles into the cytoplasm to initiate infection. Since the studied enteroviruses employ different receptors for cell entry but are delivered into the cytoplasm by cell-mediated endosome disruption, it is likely that most if not all enteroviruses, and probably numerous other viruses from the family Picornaviridae, can utilize endosome rupture to infect cells.
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