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Infrequent Long-Range Dispersal and Evolution of a Top Terrestrial Arthropod Predator in the Sub-Antarctic

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WOLFF Jonas O KENNEDY Susan R HOUGHTON Melissa PASCOE Penelope GAJSKI Domagoj DERKARABETIAN Shahan FRASER Ceridwen KREHENWINKEL Henrik RENAULT David

Rok publikování 2024
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj AMERICAN NATURALIST
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Přírodovědecká fakulta

Citace
www https://doi.org/10.1086/730827
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/730827
Klíčová slova long-distance dispersal; phylogeography; invertebrate; Southern Ocean; rafting; Toxopidae
Popis The sub-Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems survive on isolated oceanic islands in the path of circumpolar currents and winds that have raged for more than 30 million years and are shaped by climatic cycles that surpass the tolerance limits of many species. Surprisingly little is known about how these ecosystems assembled their native terrestrial fauna and how such processes have changed over time. Here, we demonstrate the patterns and timing of colonization and speciation in the largest and dominant arthropod predators in the eastern sub-Antarctic: spiders of the genus Myro. Our results indicate that this lineage originated from Australia before the Plio-Pleistocenic glacial cycles and underwent an adaptive radiation on the Crozet archipelago, from where one native species colonized multiple remote archipelagos via the Antarctic circumpolar current across thousands of kilometers. The results indicate limited natural connectivity between terrestrial macroinvertebrate faunas in the eastern sub-Antarctic and partial survival of repeated glaciations in the Plio-Pleistocene. Furthermore, our findings highlight that by integrating arthropod taxa from multiple continents, the climatically more stable volcanic Crozet archipelago played a critical role in the evolution and distribution of arthropod life in the sub-Antarctic.
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