Publication details
Užívání vlastních jmen v názvech zákonů antického Říma a České republiky
| Title in English | Usage of Proper Names in Denomination of Laws in Ancient Rome and the Czech Republic |
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| Year of publication | 2014 |
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| Description | This bachelor thesis deals with the use of proper names in denomination of Roman laws (simplified scheme "lex + proper name") and compares this structure with denomination of laws in the Czech Republic. To denominate a law, the Romans usually used an adjectival form of the nomen gentile of the sponsor (rogator) of the bill (e. g. lex Falcidia). Sometimes, however, a law was denominated in a different manner, such as via genitivus possessivus (e. g. oratio Marci) or according to the place of origin of the rule (lex Rhodia) or according to the person whose conduct was the inspiration for the enactment of a law (senatusconsultum Macedonianum). Sometimes more than one type of denomination is attested, e. g. regular denomination codex Iustinianeus appears rarely, whereas simply connected codex Iustinianus is very common. In the official denomination of laws in the Czech Republic, there are no proper names. Unofficially, however, the scheme "lex + proper name" is often used (e. g. lex Schwarzenberg, lex Šejna). Usually, unlike in Roman law, the denomination is made according to the person whose conduct was the inspiration for enactment of a law. Sometimes, the denomination according to creator of the law appears, too (e. g. lex Eliae, lex Šámal). The denomination is usually created by simply adding the name, as in case of codex Iustinianus. However, there are other cases as well (lex Eliae). Usage of the scheme "lex + proper name" in Czech language is quite problematic concerning grammatical and syntactical structures. At first, it should be emphasized that lex is feminine – this fact is often neglected in Czech texts. In addition, the Latin language (as well as the Czech one) uses declension (lex, legis, legi, legem, lex, lege; in plural leges, legum, legibus, leges, leges, legibus), that omitted (it happens even in scientific texts quite often) causes understanding the text difficult. Another problem is declension of Czech proper names connected with the Latin noun lex. |